فصلنامه آفاق امنیت
پیاپی 57 (زمستان 1401)

The anarchic environment of the international system and the absence of a dominant and legitimate power obliges each of the actors to take advantage of their desired capacity, goals and interests in the complex and networked environment of the international system. Due to its strategic weaknesses, Israel is trying to develop its relations with China comprehensively in order to improve its regional position and improve its global image and international position. No matter how much the level of cooperation and interactions between Beijing and Tel Aviv expands, it will actually have a negative effect on Iran's security and interests and vice versa. In this process, including the consequences of strengthening and developing relations between China and Israel, approaches such as; The gap between Iran and China, the negative impact on Iran's desired peace process in the Palestinian issue, Israel's persuasion of China not to sell weapons to Iran, the formation of Jewish groups and lobbies against Iran's interests in China, the disruption of Iran's oil and gas sales market to China is accompanying China with Israel's favorable regional order and not supporting Iran in its nuclear program. The elaboration of this research is descriptive-analytical. Data collection is also arranged in a qualitative method and in the form of documents and libraries.

In recent years, insecurity in the Iran-Pakistan border region has been on the rise. The author believes that apart from the special circumstances of the two countries, Saudi Arabia has played a significant role in this. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive study in this field in order to fully recognize these border threats, to minimize the material and spiritual costs used to eliminate these threats. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze the role and mechanism of Saudi Arabia in destabilizing the border between the Islamic Republic of Iran and Pakistan and also to identify these threats in this border region.Therefore, the question is how the role of Saudi Arabia in destabilizing the border between the Islamic Republic of Iran and Pakistan can be analyzed? The main hypothesis of this article is that Saudi Arabia, through its role of "promoter of Wahhabism", directly incites Pakistani extremist groups against the security of the borders of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The author uses the analytical method to reach these findings Saudi Arabia using terrorist-takfiri groups; It strengthens Wahhabism and anti-Shiism, promotes separatist movements and strengthens drug trafficking on the Iranian-Pakistani border.

mystery security and closed geopolitics as a result nature formation and being among a range enemies has made multiplicity protective belts and increasing strategic depth vital for Israel.In this regard, after Dominovar's relations with Arabs, normalization relations with Pakistan as a leading country in Middle East chessboard has been considered.The issue that is designed in framework Israel's peripheral doctrine and the present research using the descriptive-analytical research method and mentioning question that what are Israel's political and security goals for normalization relations with Pakistan?and proposing hypothesis that Israel, with security goals including completing blockade ring and monitoring more Iran's activities, along with political goals such as benefiting from two elements legitimacy and division within Islam with regard to the position of Pakistan, was seeking more communication with this country, to It seeks to explain answer to main question of the article and in line with the mentioned theory.The findings of the research show that connection with Pakistan as a diversifying factor in Israel's international relations, in addition to economic benefits, with security benefits including control of extremist groups and nuclear programs only The Muslim country that has these weapons,along with the dual use against Iran, such as paralyzing relations with its neighbors and monitoring the inevitable nuclear program and being connected with this country, has acted as a new political breathing area for Israel,and in addition to the rupture within Islam, practical legitimacy and Increasing Israel's strategic footprint in the region will reduce the Palestinian issue to an Arab-Islamic issue.

The concept of middle power is used to explain the intermediate behavior, identity and foreign policy role of governments. Iran, as an emerging middle power, has both structural and behavioral elements to play such a role. The aim of the current research is to analyze the position of Iran in the categories of power within the framework of a combination of realism, behavioral and constructionist approaches and a new understanding of the regional middle power and then based on this analysis with a qualitative method and a descriptive-analytical approach to these questions should be answer why Iran's has decided to display its power and influence abroad, or what Iran's actions have been to achieve these goals, and what is the challenges or limitations of Iran's intermediate behavior at the level of the Middle East region? In response, this hypothesis is proposed that Iran's goal of expanding its regional influence is to ensure the survival of Iran, to fight against the influence and regional order of its opponents, including America and Israel, to support the resistance front, especially the Palestinians, to achieve to their own rights and exportation of Islamic revolution to the region in order to unify the Islamic world. The results of the research indicate that, although the Republic of Iran has expanded its power and influence in the region in appropriate historical opportunities; But for various reasons, ; It has many limitations and challenges to establish and expand its influence at the regional level and beyond.

The present study analyzes the impact of the Islamic Revolution discourse on the vulnerability of the Zionist regime (Objective). Given the importance of the discourse impact of the Islamic Revolution on the weakening of the Zionist regime and the existence of internal challenges of the regime, this issue can still be discussed (issue). The research question is, what effect has the Islamic Revolution had on the weakness and vulnerability of the Zionist regime, and how will its internal factors play a role in the future of the regime? (Question) The revolutionary discourse will cause the legitimation of the regime and the internal problems of the Zionist regime will also weaken it (hypothesis). The discourse of the Islamic Revolution has led to regional influence and development and increased deterrence on the part of the resistance against the Zionist regime, which has resulted in pressure on the regime in various political, military and social spheres. It will also increase the regime's internal challenges at various political, social, and cultural levels, and the disruption of demographic balance and incoherence, which will be serious obstacles to its survival (Yafteh). The article is done by descriptive-analytical method (research method) and its results show; The Islamic Revolution has changed the political, cultural and social principles and values ​​of society and has had an impact on the region.

This research was conducted with the aim of determining the functions and position of Faraja police units in the management of social crises, especially in terms of adapting to the four stages of crisis management.

this research is cross-sectional in terms of time; In terms of purpose, it is applied and developmental, and in terms of method, it is descriptive, and in terms of data collection, mixed methods including: document review, distribution of questionnaires, and in-depth individual and group interviews (especially the Fishbowl method) have been used. The number of statistical population is 356 and the number of targeted sample includes 241 officers with experience in the crisis of 2018 (185), chief police officers of Tehran (10), police chiefs of provinces (31), first level officials (15). Cronbach's alpha was equal to 8.1.

Although police units have the ability to manage social tensions, especially forecasting, but crisis management in emergency police units, news distribution and reception network needs to be reformed and training of people is heterogeneous and It is insufficient.

Suggestions: 

crisis management in law enforcement units needs: clarifying and standardizing behaviors, clarifying how police officers access cyber space and receive information in the administrative hierarchy, holding crisis management training for all involved agents (Faraja and fire units, municipality, telecommunications and electricity, etc.), obliging Faraja Security Organization to train and inform law enforcement units and checkpoints.